Linux的目前最佳发行版本Ubuntu乌班图详解！
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: visible; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.8em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;" lang="zh-Hans-CN">Ubuntu<span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important;">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); 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vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="25" height="19"></span> 此条目介绍的是Linux 操作系统</div><table class="infobox vevent" style="font-size: small; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); color: black; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; user-select: text !important; border-spacing: 3px; width: 22em; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em;" cellspacing="3"><caption class="summary" style="user-select: text !important; font-size: larger;"><b style="user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu</b></caption><tbody style="user-select: text !important;"><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td colspan="2" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="Logo-ubuntu no(r)-black orange-hex.svg" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Logo-ubuntu_no%28r%29-black_orange-hex.svg/250px-Logo-ubuntu_no%28r%29-black_orange-hex.svg.png" data-file-width="758" data-file-height="171" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="250" height="56"></span></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td colspan="2" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="Desktop Ubuntu 20.04.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Desktop_Ubuntu_20.04.png/300px-Desktop_Ubuntu_20.04.png" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="900" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="300" height="169"></span><div style="user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu 20.04 "Focal Fossa"</div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">开发者</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">科能软件有限公司</span><br style="user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu 社区</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">编程语言</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;">C++、C语言、Autoconf、Shell脚本</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;">操作系统家族</th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">类Unix系统</span></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;">运作状态</th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;">正在运作中</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;">源码模式</th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;">包含<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">专有</span>包的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">自由及开放源代码软件</span></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;">初始版本</th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;">2004年10月20日</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">最新版本</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS</span><small style="font-size: 0.857em; user-select: text !important;">（2020年8月6日<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>）</small><small class="plainlinks" style="font-size: 0.857em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background: none !important; user-select: text !important; padding: 0px !important;" class="external text">[±]</span></small></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;">市场取向</th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">个人电脑</span><br style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">服务器</span><br style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">平板电脑</span>（<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu Touch</span>）<br style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">智能电视</span>（<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu TV</span>）<br style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">智能手机</span></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;">支持的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">语言</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;">多种语言（超过55种）</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;">更新方式</th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">高级包装工具</span><br style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Software Updater</span><br style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu 软件中心</span></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">软件包管理系统</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Dpkg</span><br style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Snappy</span></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;">支持平台</th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">IA-32</span><br style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">X86-64</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-supported_hardware_2-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><br style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">ARM架构</span><sup id="cite_ref-supported_hardware_2-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-the_inquirer_ubuntu_arm_3-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ars_technica_ubuntu_1204_4-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-phoronix_ubuntu_arm_5-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">内核</span>类别</th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">宏内核</span>（<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Linux内核</span>）</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">用户空间</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">GNU核心工具组</span></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;">默认<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">用户界面</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">GNOME 2</span>（4.04-10.10）<br style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Unity</span>（11.04-17.04）<br style="user-select: text !important;">GNOME 3（17.10-）</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">许可证</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;">以<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">GNU通用公共许可证</span>为主，还有其他多种<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">自由软件许可协议条款</span></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;">官方网站</th><td style="user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top;"><span class="url" style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84") right center no-repeat; user-select: text !important; padding-right: 13px;" class="external text">www<wbr style="display: inline-block; user-select: text !important;">.ubuntu<wbr style="display: inline-block; user-select: text !important;">.com</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;"><b style="user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu</b>（<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">国际音标</span>：<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;"><span class="IPA nopopups" style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">/<span style="user-select: text !important; border-bottom: 1px dotted;"><span title="/ʊ/ “foot”的短“oo”音" style="user-select: text !important;">ʊ</span><span title="/ˈ/ 后面为主重音" style="user-select: text !important;">ˈ</span><span title="“buy”的“b”音" style="user-select: text !important;">b</span><span title="/ʊ/ “foot”的短“oo”音" style="user-select: text !important;">ʊ</span><span title="“no”的“n”音" style="user-select: text !important;">n</span><span title="“tie”的“t”音" style="user-select: text !important;">t</span><span title="/uː/ “food”的长“oo”音" style="user-select: text !important;">uː</span></span>/</span></span></span>，<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><i title="英语发音重拼" style="user-select: text !important;">uu-<span style="user-select: text !important; font-size: 13.5072px;">BUUN</span>-too</i></span>）<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-about_ubuntu_8-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>是以桌面应用为主的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Linux发行版</span>，Ubuntu由<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Canonical公司</span>发布，他们提供商业支持<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。它是基于<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">自由软件</span>，其名称来自<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">非洲</span>南部<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">祖鲁语</span>或<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">科萨语</span>的“Ubuntu”一词（译为<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">乌班图</span>），意思是“人性”、“我的存在是因为大家的存在”，<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>是非洲传统的一种价值观。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu的开发由<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">英国</span>Canonical有限公司主导，该公司由<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">南非</span>企业家<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Mark Shuttleworth</span>创立。Canonical通过销售与Ubuntu相关的技术支持和其他服务来产生收益。<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>Ubuntu项目公开承诺开源软件开发的原则；鼓励人们使用自由软件，研究它的运作原理，改进和分发。<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu是著名的Linux发行版之一，它也是目前最多用户的Linux版本。</p><div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 7px; font-size: 14.2576px; display: table; user-select: text !important;"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="user-select: text !important; direction: ltr; position: absolute; opacity: 0; z-index: -1; display: none;"><div class="toctitle" dir="ltr" style="user-select: text !important; text-align: center; direction: ltr;" lang="zh-Hans-CN"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border: 0px; font-size: 14.2576px; font-weight: bold; user-select: text !important; font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; display: inline;">目录</h2><span class="toctogglespan" style="font-size: 13.4021px; user-select: text !important;"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox" style="cursor: pointer; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); user-select: text !important;"></label></span></div><ul style="list-style-image: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text !important; list-style-type: none; text-align: left;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">概述</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">历史与发展过程</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">特色</span></span><ul style="list-style-image: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; user-select: text !important; list-style-type: none; text-align: left;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">系统管理</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">开发理念</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">安装设置</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">重新打包</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.5</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">其它特色</span></span></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">包管理</span></span><ul style="list-style-image: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; user-select: text !important; list-style-type: none; text-align: left;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">4.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">组件介绍</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">4.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">软件维护</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">4.3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">私有著作权软件的采用</span></span></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">5</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">发行历史</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">6</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">新版发布周期</span></span><ul style="list-style-image: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; user-select: text !important; list-style-type: none; text-align: left;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">6.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">长期支持版本</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">6.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">其它分支</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">6.3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">版本代号命名</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">6.4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">时间线</span></span></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">7</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">各界评价</span></span><ul style="list-style-image: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; user-select: text !important; list-style-type: none; text-align: left;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">7.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">回应</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">7.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">批评</span></span></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">8</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">分支版本</span></span><ul style="list-style-image: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; user-select: text !important; list-style-type: none; text-align: left;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">8.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">正式派生版本</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">8.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">非正式派生版本</span></span></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">9</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">参与中文翻译</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">10</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">回报错误</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">11</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">注释</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">12</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">参考文献</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-29" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">13</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">外部链接</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-30" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">14</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">参见</span></span></li></ul></div><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E6.A6.82.E8.BF.B0" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="概述" style="user-select: text !important;">概述</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><div class="thumb tleft" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 0.5em 1.4em 1.3em 0px; width: auto; background-color: transparent; float: left; clear: left;"><div class="thumbinner" style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;"><div id="mwe_player_0" class="PopUpMediaTransform" style="position: relative; display: block; user-select: text !important; margin: 0px auto; width: 220px;"><img alt="File:Wikipedia Mainpage zhtw with Firefox25 on Ubuntu1310.ogv" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Wikipedia_Mainpage_zhtw_with_Firefox25_on_Ubuntu1310.ogv/220px--Wikipedia_Mainpage_zhtw_with_Firefox25_on_Ubuntu1310.ogv.jpg" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; width: 220px; height: 124px;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="play-btn-large" style="width: 70px; height: 53px; background: url("data:image/png;base64,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"); position: absolute; cursor: pointer; border: none !important; user-select: text !important; top: 62px; left: 110px; margin-left: -35px; margin-top: -25px;"><span class="mw-tmh-playtext" style="display: block; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; user-select: text !important;"></span></span></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="user-select: text !important; border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">在<b style="user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu</b>的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Firefox</span>浏览<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">中文维基百科</span>主页</div></div></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu基于<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Debian</span>发行版和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">GNOME</span>桌面环境，与Debian的不同在于它每6个月会发布一个新版本（即每年的四月与十月），每2年发布一个LTS长期支持版本。普通的桌面版可以获得发布后18个月内的支持，标为LTS（长期支持）的桌面版可以获得更长时间的支持。<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><span class="reference" style="user-select: text !important;"><sup id="fn_Support_back" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important;"><span title="Support" style="user-select: text !important; color: rgb(51, 102, 187);"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"></span></span></sup></span>例如，Ubuntu 8.04 LTS（代号Hardy Heron），其桌面应用系列可以获得为期3年的技术支持，服务器版可以获得为期5年的技术支持<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。而自Ubuntu 12.04 LTS开始，桌面版和服务器版均可获得为期5年的技术支持。2013年3月有消息指出，Ubuntu计划在4月25日Ubuntu 13.04发布后，将非LTS版本的支持时间自18个月缩短至9个月，并采用<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">滚动发布</span>模式，允许开发者在不升级整个发行版的情况下升级单个核心包。<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu的目标在于为一般用户提供一个最新同时又相当稳定，主要以<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">自由软件</span>建构而成的操作系统。Ubuntu目前具有庞大的社区力量支持<sup id="cite_ref-lively1_17-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lively2_18-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>，用户可以方便地从社区获得帮助。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu在Ubuntu 12.04的发布页面上使用了“<b style="user-select: text !important;">友帮拓</b>”作为官方译名<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。之前一些中文用户曾使用班图、乌班图、乌斑兔、乌帮图、笨兔<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>等作为非官方译名。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu在2013年推出了新产品<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84") right center no-repeat; user-select: text !important; padding-right: 13px;" class="external text">Ubuntu Phone OS</span>和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84") right center no-repeat; user-select: text !important; padding-right: 13px;" class="external text">Ubuntu Tablet</span>，希望统一桌面设备和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">移动设备</span>的画面。</p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2.E8.88.87.E7.99.BC.E5.B1.95.E9.81.8E.E7.A8.8B" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="歷史與發展過程" style="user-select: text !important;">历史与发展过程</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><div class="thumb tright" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;"><div class="thumbinner" style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Mark_Shuttleworth_NASA.jpg/220px-Mark_Shuttleworth_NASA.jpg" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="1356" data-file-height="1100" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);" width="220" height="178"></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="user-select: text !important; border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">Ubuntu始创者—<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">马克·舍特尔沃斯</span></div></div></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu由<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">马克·舍特尔沃斯</span>创立，其首个版本—4.10<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>发布于2004年10月20日，它以<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Debian</span>为开发蓝本。<sup id="cite_ref-relationship_22-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>与Debian稳健的升级策略不同，Ubuntu每六个月便会发布一个新版，以便人们即时地获取和使用新软件。Ubuntu的开发目的是为了使个人电脑变得简单易用，同时也提供针对企业应用的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">服务器</span>版本。Ubuntu的每个新版本均会包含当时最新的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">GNOME</span>桌面环境，通常在<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">GNOME</span>发布新版本后一个月内发行。与其它基于Debian的Linux发行版，如<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">MEPIS</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Xandros</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Linspire</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">Progeny</span>和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">Libranet</span>等相比，Ubuntu更接近Debian的开发理念，它主要使用<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">自由</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">开源</span>的软件<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>，而其它发行版往往会附带很多闭源的软件。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu建基于Debian的不稳定分支：不论其软件格式（<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">deb</span>）还是软件管理与安装系统（<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Debian Apt</span>）。Ubuntu的开发者会把对软件的修改即时反馈给Debian社区，而不是在发布新版时才宣布这些修改<sup id="cite_ref-relationship_22-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。事实上，很多Ubuntu的开发者同时也是Debian主要软件的维护者。不过，Debian与Ubuntu的软件并不一定完全兼容，也就是说，将Debian的包安装在Ubuntu上可能会出现兼容性问题，反之亦然。<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu的运作主要依赖<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Canonical有限公司</span>的支持，同时亦有来自Linux社区的热心人士提供协助。Ubuntu的开发人员多称马克·舍特尔沃斯为SABDFL（是<b style="user-select: text !important;">s</b>elf-<b style="user-select: text !important;">a</b>ppointed<span> </span><b style="user-select: text !important;">b</b>enevolent<span> </span><b style="user-select: text !important;">d</b>ictator<span> </span><b style="user-select: text !important;">f</b>or<span> </span><b style="user-select: text !important;">l</b>ife的缩写，即自封终生开源码大佬）<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。在2005年7月8日，马克·舍特尔沃斯与Canonical有限公司宣布成立<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu基金会</span>，并提供1千万美元作为启始营运资金。成立基金会的目的是为了确保将来Ubuntu得以持续开发与获得支持，但直至2006年，此基金会仍未投入运作。马克·舍特尔沃斯形容此基金会是在Canonical有限公司出现财务危机时的紧急营运资金。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">在过去的版本用户可以透过<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">船运服务</span>（shipit）<sup id="cite_ref-ship_26-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>来获得免费的安装光盘。Ubuntu 6.06版有提供免费船运服务，然而其后的Ubuntu 6.10版却没有提供免费的船运邮寄光盘服务，用户只可由网站上下载光盘映像档刻录并安装。<sup id="cite_ref-ship_stopped_27-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。Ubuntu 6.06发布当时，曾有消息指出往后不会再对非长期支持版提供船运服务，但在Ubuntu7.04版推出时，船运服务再度引导，而此版并非长期支持版。在Ubuntu11.04发布前夕，船运服务被停止。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">目前Ubuntu共有七个长期支持版本（Long Term Support，LTS）：Ubuntu 6.06、8.04、10.04、12.04、14.04、16.04、18.04与20.04。自Ubuntu 12.04起，桌面版与服务器版都有5年支持周期。而之前的长期支持版本为桌面版3年，服务器版5年。</p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E7.89.B9.E8.89.B2" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="特色" style="user-select: text !important;">特色</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><div class="thumb tright" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;"><div class="thumbinner" style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Screenshot_of_Ubuntu_9.04_with_GNOME_2.26.png/220px-Screenshot_of_Ubuntu_9.04_with_GNOME_2.26.png" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="900" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);" width="220" height="138"></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="user-select: text !important; border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">Ubuntu 9.04，使用New Wave主题。</div></div></div><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E7.B3.BB.E7.B5.B1.E7.AE.A1.E7.90.86" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="系統管理" style="user-select: text !important;">系统管理</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu所有系统相关的任务均需使用<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Sudo</span>指令是它的一大特色，这种方式比传统的以系统管理员账号进行管理工作的方式更为安全，此为Linux、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Unix</span>系统的基本思维之一。<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Windows</span><span> </span>在较新的版本内也引入了类似的 UAC 机制，但用户数量不多。<span class="reference" style="user-select: text !important;"><sup id="fn_Security_back" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important;"><span title="Security" style="user-select: text !important; color: rgb(51, 102, 187);"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"></span></span></sup></span>同时，Ubuntu也相当注重系统的易用性，标准安装完成后（或Live CD启动完成后）就可以立即投入使用，简单地说，就是安装完成以后，用户无需再费神安装浏览器、Office套装程序、多媒体播放程序等常用软件，一般也无需下载安装网卡、声卡等硬件设备的驱动（但部分显卡需要额外下载的驱动程序，且不一定能用包库中所提供的版本）；Ubuntu的开发者与<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Debian</span>和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">GNOME</span>开源社区合作密切，其各个正式版本的桌面环境均采用GNOME的最新版本，通常会紧随GNOME项目的进展而及时更新（同时，也提供基于KDE、XFCE等桌面环境的派生版本）。Ubuntu与Debian使用相同的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">deb</span><span> </span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">软件包</span>格式，可以安装绝大多数为Debian编译的软件包，虽然不能保证完全兼容，但大多数情况是通用的。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E9.96.8B.E7.99.BC.E7.90.86.E5.BF.B5" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="開發理念" style="user-select: text !important;">开发理念</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu计划强调<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">易用性</span>和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">国际化</span>，以便能为尽可能多的人所用。在发布5.04版时，Ubuntu就已经把<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">万国码</span>（UTF-8 Unicode）作为系统默认编码，用以应对各国各地区不同的语言文字，试图给用户提供一个无乱码的交流平台。它在语言支持方面，算是Linux发行版中相当好的。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu的所有发行版本都可以免费获取。除了可下载<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">光盘映像档</span>（CD Image）外，过去用户也可通过邮寄服务<sup id="cite_ref-ship_26-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>免费获取安装光盘，但是现在此服务已经停止，不过有需要的用户还可以在Ubuntu网上商店付费购买Ubuntu光盘。与其它大型Linux厂商不同，Ubuntu不对所谓“企业版”收取升级订购费（意即没有所谓的企业版本，人人所使用的版本皆一样，用户只有在购买官方技术支持服务<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>时才要付钱）。Ubuntu社区推荐用户自行下载<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">光盘映像档</span>刻录成光盘安装外，也推荐使用U盘进行安装。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">此外，Ubuntu计划强调要尽量使用自由软件，以便为各个版本的用户提供便捷的升级途径。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E5.AE.89.E8.A3.9D.E8.A8.AD.E5.AE.9A" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="安裝設定" style="user-select: text !important;">安装设置</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><div class="thumb tright" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;"><div class="thumbinner" style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Ubuntu_9.04_Jaunty_Jackalope_%28LiveCD%29.png/220px-Ubuntu_9.04_Jaunty_Jackalope_%28LiveCD%29.png" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);" width="220" height="165"></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="user-select: text !important; border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">Ubuntu 9.04（<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">live CD</span>会话）</div></div></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">一直以来，Ubuntu均支持主流的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">i386</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">AMD64</span>与<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">PowerPC</span>平台，自2006年6月，Ubuntu新增了对<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">升阳</span>的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">UltraSPARC</span>与<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">UltraSPARC T1</span>平台的支持。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu主要是透过<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Live CD</span>进行安装。Ubuntu操作系统可以直接从CD启动（会有一些效率低落的情况），允许用户测试硬件兼容性和驱动程序支持。CD中带有一个安装器，让用户可以将系统永久地装在计算机上。所有版本的CD镜像都可以在<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84") right center no-repeat; user-select: text !important; padding-right: 13px;" class="external text">Ubuntu网站</span>下载。要透过CD安装的话至少要有256MB内存。<sup id="cite_ref-hwreq_29-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>可以将CD镜像烧录到CD中，也可以使用一些工具（USB启动盘创建器、UNetBootin等）将其制作成USB启动盘进行测试或安装。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Live CD中还带有一个<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Wubi</span>工具，可以在不改变分区的情况下安装Ubuntu，不过性能稍有一些损失。 新版Ubuntu支持在Windows中进行在线安装。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E9.87.8D.E6.96.B0.E6.89.93.E5.8C.85" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="重新打包" style="user-select: text !important;">重新打包</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">许多软件（比如<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">remastersys</span>和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">Reconstructor</span>）可以将Ubuntu进行修改后重新打包成Ubuntu Live CD。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E5.85.B6.E5.AE.83.E7.89.B9.E8.89.B2" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="其它特色" style="user-select: text !important;">其它特色</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">先前Ubuntu有一个叫<i style="user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu-calendar</i>的软件包，安装后，它会随系统升级自动下载桌面图像文件。由于其中部分壁纸为女性裸体照片，以致Ubuntu被幽默地称为“情色发行版”<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>、“Linuxxx”<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>与其它类似名称。2005年5月，颇具有争议的Ubuntu-calendar未经公告就暂停发行了。现在，2004年10月到2005年4月的月历壁纸仍可以在Ubuntu存储库中找到。</p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E5.A5.97.E4.BB.B6.E7.AE.A1.E7.90.86" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="套件管理" style="user-select: text !important;">包管理</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable" style="font-size: small; user-select: text !important; padding-left: 2em; margin-bottom: 0.8em; margin-top: 0.8em;">主条目：<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Debian Apt</span></div><div class="thumb tright" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;"><div class="thumbinner" style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 252px;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Ubuntu_Login.png/250px-Ubuntu_Login.png" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);" width="250" height="188"></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="user-select: text !important; border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">Ubuntu登录屏幕表达了Ubuntu（即乐于分享）的概念。</div></div></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu的包管理系统与Debian的类似，所有软件分为main、restricted、universe和multiverse等4类，每一类为一个“组件（component）”，代表着不同的使用许可和可用的支持级别。一般来说，官方支持的main组件主要用来满足大多数个人电脑用户的基本要求，restricted（“著作权限制”）组件主要用来提高系统的可用性，因此通常需要安装这两类组件中的软件。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E7.B5.84.E4.BB.B6.E4.BB.8B.E7.B4.B9" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="組件介紹" style="user-select: text !important;">组件介绍</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;"><i style="user-select: text !important;">main<span> </span></i>即“基本”组件，其中只包含符合Ubuntu的许可证要求并可以从Ubuntu团队中获得支持的软件，致力于满足日常使用，位于这个组件中的软件可以确保得到技术支持和及时的安全更新。此组件内的软件是必须符合Ubuntu著作权要求（Ubuntu license requirements）<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>的自由软件，而Ubuntu著作权要求大致上与<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">Debian自由软件指导纲要</span>（Debian Free Software Guidelines）相同。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;"><i style="user-select: text !important;">restricted<span> </span></i>即“受限”组件，其中包含了非常重要的，但并不具有合适的自由许可证的软件，例如只能以二进制形式获得的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">显卡</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">驱动程序</span>。由于Ubuntu开发者无法获得相应的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">源代码</span>，restricted组件能够获得的支持与main组件相比是非常有限的。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;"><i style="user-select: text !important;">universe<span> </span></i>即“社区维护”组件，其中包含的软件种类繁多，均为<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">自由软件</span>，但都不为Ubuntu团队所支持。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;"><i style="user-select: text !important;">multiverse<span> </span></i>即“非自由”组件，其中包括了不符合自由软件要求而且不被Ubuntu团队支持的软件包，通常为商业公司编写的软件。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">各类组件说明可见下表：</p><table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 15.008px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); color: rgb(32, 33, 34); margin: 1em 0px; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); border-collapse: collapse; user-select: text !important; text-align: center;"><tbody style="user-select: text !important;"><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; background-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); text-align: center;"><br></th><th style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; background-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); text-align: center;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">自由软件</span></th><th style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; background-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); text-align: center;">非自由软件</th></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; background-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); text-align: center;">官方支持</th><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">Main</td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">Restricted</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; background-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); text-align: center;">非官方支持</th><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">Universe</td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">Multiverse</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E8.BB.9F.E9.AB.94.E7.B6.AD.E8.AD.B7" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="軟體維護" style="user-select: text !important;">软件维护</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu的新版一旦发行，该版本的包库就会被冻结，此后只对该包库提供安全性更新。为此，官方推出了一个名为Ubuntu Backports<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>的后续支持计划，让用户可以在不更新包库的情况下，获得和使用各类新版的应用软件。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">由于Linux系统受病毒的威胁不大<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>，因此Ubuntu系统通常不必安装杀毒软件。管理员们如有需要，可自行安装<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">ClamAV</span>，以便扫描和清除服务器中的Windows病毒。Ubuntu系统中默认带有<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">ufw</span>防火墙软件，但不提供相应的图形设置界面，用户可自行安装<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">firestarter</span>，以便通过图形界面设置防火墙。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">安装软件时可以通过运行apt-get命令，或使用图形接口的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Synaptic</span>工具或“软件中心”来完成。与Windows不同，Ubuntu的用户通常不必四处搜索、逐一下载或购买相应的安装程序。Ubuntu能够使用的软件大多存放在被称为“软件源”的服务器中，用户只要运行相应的apt-get指令（或使用Synaptic工具进行相关操作），系统就会自动查找、下载和安装软件了。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E7.A7.81.E6.9C.89.E7.89.88.E6.AC.8A.E8.BB.9F.E9.AB.94.E7.9A.84.E6.8E.A1.E7.94.A8" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="私有版權軟體的採用" style="user-select: text !important;">私有著作权软件的采用</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">虽然Ubuntu主要采用自由软件，但也接纳部分可以自由散发的私有软件，并将它们放在multiverse组件中。Ubuntu还为第三方软件设立了认证程序<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;"><br style="user-select: text !important;"></p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E5.8F.91.E8.A1.8C.E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="发行历史" style="user-select: text !important;">发行历史</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="list-style-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515"); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; user-select: text !important; display: block;"><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 30px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Ubuntu-desktop-2-410-20080706.png/120px-Ubuntu-desktop-2-410-20080706.png" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="90"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">4.10 "Warty Warthog"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 30px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Ubuntu-desktop-2-504-20080706.png/120px-Ubuntu-desktop-2-504-20080706.png" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="90"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">5.04 "Hoary Hedgehog"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 30px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Ubuntu-desktop-2-510-20080706.png/120px-Ubuntu-desktop-2-510-20080706.png" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="90"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">5.10 "Breezy Badger"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 30px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Ubuntu-desktop-2-606-20080706.png/120px-Ubuntu-desktop-2-606-20080706.png" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="90"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">6.06 "Dapper Drake"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 30px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Ubuntu-desktop-2-610-20080708.png/120px-Ubuntu-desktop-2-610-20080708.png" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="90"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">6.10 "Edgy Eft"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 27px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Ubuntu_7.04_Feisty_Fawn.png/120px-Ubuntu_7.04_Feisty_Fawn.png" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="96"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">7.04 "Feisty Fawn"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 30px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Ubuntu-desktop-2-710-20080708.png/120px-Ubuntu-desktop-2-710-20080708.png" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="90"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">7.10 "Gutsy Gibbon"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 30px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Ubuntu-desktop-2-804-20080708.png/120px-Ubuntu-desktop-2-804-20080708.png" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="90"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">8.04 "Hardy Heron"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 30px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ubuntu_screenshot.png/120px-Ubuntu_screenshot.png" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="90"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">8.10 "Intrepid Ibex"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 30px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Ubuntu_9.04_Jaunty_Jackalope.png/120px-Ubuntu_9.04_Jaunty_Jackalope.png" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="90"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">9.04 "Jaunty Jackalope"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 37.5px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Ubuntu_9.10.png/120px-Ubuntu_9.10.png" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="75"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">9.10 "Karmic Koala"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 40px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Ubuntu_10.04_screenshot.png/120px-Ubuntu_10.04_screenshot.png" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="600" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="70"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">10.04 "Lucid Lynx"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 37.5px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/UbuntuMaverickDesktop.png/120px-UbuntuMaverickDesktop.png" data-file-width="1680" data-file-height="1050" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="75"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">10.10 "Maverick Meerkat"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 30px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ubuntu-11-04-cat.png/120px-Ubuntu-11-04-cat.png" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="90"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">11.04 "Natty Narwhal"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 30px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ubuntu_11.10_Final.png/120px-Ubuntu_11.10_Final.png" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="90"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">11.10 "Oneiric Ocelot"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 37.5px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ubuntu_12.04_EO.png/120px-Ubuntu_12.04_EO.png" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="900" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="75"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">12.04 "Precise Pangolin"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 41.5px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ubuntu_Desktop_12.10.png/120px-Ubuntu_Desktop_12.10.png" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="768" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="67"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">12.10 "Quantal Quetzal"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 41px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Ubuntu_13.04_Desktop.png/120px-Ubuntu_13.04_Desktop.png" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="68"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">13.04 "Raring Ringtail"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 41px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Ubuntu_14.04-English-25.04.2014.png/120px-Ubuntu_14.04-English-25.04.2014.png" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="68"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">14.04 "Trusty Tahr"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 41.5px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Ubuntu_14.10_Utopic_Desktop.png/120px-Ubuntu_14.10_Utopic_Desktop.png" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="768" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="67"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">14.10 "Utopic Unicorn"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 41px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Ubuntu_15.04.png/120px-Ubuntu_15.04.png" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="68"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">15.04 "Vivid Vervet"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 41.5px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Ubuntu_15.10_English.png/120px-Ubuntu_15.10_English.png" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="768" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="67"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">15.10 "Wily Werewolf"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 41px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Ubuntu_16.04_Desktop.png/120px-Ubuntu_16.04_Desktop.png" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="68"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">16.04 "Xenial Xerus"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 27px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Ubuntu_16.10_English.png/120px-Ubuntu_16.10_English.png" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="96"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">16.10 "Yakkety Yak"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 37.5px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Ubuntu_17.04_ukr.png/120px-Ubuntu_17.04_ukr.png" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1600" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="75"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">17.04 "Zesty Zapus"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 41px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ubuntu-17.10-ca.png/120px-Ubuntu-17.10-ca.png" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="68"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">17.10 "Artful Aardvark"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 41px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ubuntu_18.04.png/120px-Ubuntu_18.04.png" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="68"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">18.04 "Bionic Beaver"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 41.5px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Ubuntu_18.10.png/120px-Ubuntu_18.10.png" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="768" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="67"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">18.10 "Cosmic Cuttlefish"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 41.5px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Ubuntu_19.04_%22Disco_Dingo%22.png/120px-Ubuntu_19.04_%22Disco_Dingo%22.png" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="768" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="67"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">19.04 "Disco Dingo"</p></div></div></li><span> </span><li class="gallerybox" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; width: 155px;"><div style="user-select: text !important; width: 155px;"><div class="thumb" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 2px; width: 150px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209);"><div style="user-select: text !important; margin: 41.5px auto;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Ubuntu_19.10_Eoan_Ermine.png/120px-Ubuntu_19.10_Eoan_Ermine.png" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="768" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); display: block; margin: 0px auto;" width="120" height="67"></span></div></div><div class="gallerytext" style="user-select: text !important; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14.1075px; padding: 2px 4px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">19.10 "Eoan Ermine"</p></div></div></li></ul><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E6.96.B0.E7.89.88.E7.99.BC.E4.BD.88.E9.80.B1.E6.9C.9F" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="新版發佈週期" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="長期支援版本" style="user-select: text !important;">长期支持版本</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">长期支持版本（LTS），更新维护的时间比较长，约2年会推出一个LTS版本。LTS针对企业用户，有别于一般版本的9个月支持。代号“Dapper Drake”的Ubuntu 6.06 LTS是第一个获得长期支持的版本，Canonical公司计划对6.06的桌面系列版本提供3年的更新及付费技术支持服务，对服务器版则提供5年的支持。Ubuntu 6.06 LTS包括<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">GNOME</span><span> </span>2.14、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Mozilla Firefox</span><span> </span>1.5.0.3、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">OpenOffice.org</span><span> </span>2.0.2、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Xorg</span>7.0、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">GCC</span><span> </span>4.0.3以及2.6.15版的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Linux核心</span>，2006年8月10日发布的首个维护更新版本6.06.1。<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>因为其较长的支持周期，Canonical宣布将继续为Dapper Drake提供送达（Shipping）服务，但不支持随后发布的Edgy Eft。不过，随着Feisty Fawn版的发布，送达（Shipping）服务再次引导，但是，Natty Narwhal（11.04）发布前，送达（Shipping）服务再次停止。<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">最新的长期支持版本为2020年8月6日发布的20.04.1 LTS。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E5.85.B6.E5.AE.83.E5.88.86.E6.94.AF" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="其它分支" style="user-select: text !important;">其它分支</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu还有一个代号为Grumpy Groundhog的分支<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>，这个分支直接从Ubuntu的软件<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">版本控制系统</span>里获取软件的源代码，主要用于测试和开发。由于这个分支不稳定，因此不对公众开放。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E7.89.88.E6.9C.AC.E4.BB.A3.E8.99.9F.E5.91.BD.E5.90.8D" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="版本代號命名" style="user-select: text !important;">版本代号命名</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu版本的命名规则是根据正式版发行的年月命名，Ubuntu 8.10也就意味着2008年10月发行的Ubuntu，研发人员与用户可从版本号码就知道正式发布的时间。Ubuntu是基于<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Debian</span>开发的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Linux发行版</span>，Debian的开发代号来自于电影<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">玩具总动员</span>，不过，Ubuntu各版本的代号却固定是形容词加上动物名称，而且这2个词的英文首字母一定是相同的。从Ubuntu 6.06开始，两个词的首字母按照英文字母表的排列顺序取用。<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E6.99.82.E9.96.93.E7.B7.9A" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="時間線" style="user-select: text !important;">时间线</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><div class="timeline-wrapper" style="max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; user-select: text !important;"><map name="timeline_ad86d1d0a10efa64f662924105346b79" style="user-select: text !important;"></map><img usemap="#timeline_ad86d1d0a10efa64f662924105346b79" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/timeline/ad86d1d0a10efa64f662924105346b79.png" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;"></div><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E5.90.84.E7.95.8C.E8.A9.95.E5.83.B9" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="各界評價" style="user-select: text !important;">各界评价</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E5.9B.9E.E6.87.89" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="回應" style="user-select: text !important;">回应</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">2005年于伦敦举行的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">Linux世界论坛及会议</span>（LinuxWorld Conference and Expo）上，Ubuntu被评为读者所选的最佳Linux发行版。<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>Ubuntu也经常被网络和平面出版媒体评审，<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>很多评审者认为Ubuntu的成功主要原因在于其拥有一个庞大的社区，用户可以便捷地从中获得帮助和支持。<sup id="cite_ref-lively1_17-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lively2_18-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>informationweek网站于2008年5月对7款主流的Linux发行版系统进行了测试，包括openSUSE，Ubuntu 8.04，PCLinuxOS，Mandriva Linux One，Fedora，SimplyMEPIS和CentOS 5.1，结果是Ubuntu获胜。目前<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">维基百科</span>的网站服务器，也是采用Ubuntu Linux。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E6.89.B9.E8.A9.95" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="批評" style="user-select: text !important;">批评</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu源自<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Debian</span>，但Debian的创始人<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Ian Murdock</span>却不满意Ubuntu。他认为，虽然Ubuntu是优秀的Linux发行版，也促进了Debian的全球化，但Ubuntu另建软件包，而不是直接改进Debian已有的软件包，因此出现了与Debian不兼容的问题。他希望Ubuntu能与Debian进行更为紧密的合作，使其改进也可以被Debian所采用<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">2010年欧洲GUADEC会议上公布的“GNOME开发者分布”，显示出Ubuntu的母公司Canonical对GNOME项目的贡献十分小。由此，一些人抱怨，觉得Canonical应该作出更多的贡献<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。前Red Hat开发者Greg DeKoenigsberg亦对Ubuntu批评：“Red Hat对开源的贡献远高于Canonical，而Canonical是一家伪装成技术企业的营销机构”，后来对其言论进行了公开道歉，但一直坚持Canonical应该为Linux作出更大的贡献<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">因为Ubuntu基于<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Debian</span>的不稳定分支（sid），更容易遇到和弹出内部错误。<sup class="noprint Template-Fact" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span title="来源请求。" style="user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">[来源请求]</span></span></sup></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">由于Ubuntu母公司Canonical帮助微软公司开发了Windows下的Linux兼容层<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Windows Subsystem for Linux</span>，部分用户称是卖友求荣。<sup class="noprint Template-Fact" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span title="来源请求。" style="user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">[来源请求]</span></span></sup></p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E5.88.86.E6.94.AF.E7.89.88.E6.9C.AC" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="分支版本" style="user-select: text !important;">分支版本</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><div class="thumb tright" style="user-select: text !important; margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;"><div class="thumbinner" style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 232px;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Ubuntu_6.06_LTS_CDs.jpg/230px-Ubuntu_6.06_LTS_CDs.jpg" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="1479" data-file-height="1008" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);" width="230" height="157"></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="user-select: text !important; border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">Ubuntu发行版光盘</div></div></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">Linux各种发行版是使用Linux核心一类开放型的操作系统。由发行版定制其应用软件、桌面环境的组合和配置，因此同一发行版也可分支。Ubuntu官方认可的分支系统众多，其主要差异在于使用的桌面系统不同，而内部的默认软件也会有所歧异。此外尚有许多基于Ubuntu的非官方派生版本，还有基于Ubuntu开发的发行版。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">所谓的Ubuntu系统，指的是默认的Ubuntu版本。11.04版以及之前支持<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Gnome桌面环境</span>，之后的版本采用母公司研发的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Unity</span>界面。但17.10版及之后又回归了Gnome，Ubuntu 17.04是最后一个预载Unity桌面环境的版本。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E6.AD.A3.E5.BC.8F.E8.A1.8D.E7.94.9F.E7.89.88.E6.9C.AC" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="正式衍生版本" style="user-select: text !important;">正式派生版本</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">正式派生版本统一使用和Ubuntu一样的软件包。目前Ubuntu正式支持的派生版本包括：</p><table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 15.008px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); color: rgb(32, 33, 34); margin: 1em 0px; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); border-collapse: collapse; user-select: text !important;"><tbody style="user-select: text !important;"><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; background-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); text-align: center;">图标</th><th style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; background-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); text-align: center;">派生版本</th><th style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; background-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); text-align: center;">说明</th></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Kubuntu Icon.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Kubuntu_Icon.png" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="48" height="48"></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">KUbuntu</span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">采用<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">KDE</span>作为默认的桌面环境，以满足偏爱<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">KDE</span>的Ubuntu用户。</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Edubuntu Icon.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Edubuntu_Icon.png" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="48" height="48"></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">EdUbuntu</span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">为教育量身定做，包含很多教育软件，可以帮助教师方便的搭建网络学习环境，管理电子教室。采用<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Unity</span>界面。</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Xubuntu Icon.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Xubuntu_Icon.png" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="48" height="48"></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">XUbuntu</span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">属于轻量级发行版，使用<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Xfce</span>4作为默认的桌面环境。</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Lubuntu Icon.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Lubuntu_Icon.png" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="48" height="48"></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">LUbuntu</span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">使用<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">LXDE</span>桌面环境的轻量级发行版<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>，从10.04版本开始正式发行。</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Ubuntu and Ubuntu Server Icon.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ubuntu_and_Ubuntu_Server_Icon.png/48px-Ubuntu_and_Ubuntu_Server_Icon.png" data-file-width="137" data-file-height="138" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="48" height="48"></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">Ubuntu Server</td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">自Ubuntu 5.10版（<i style="user-select: text !important;">Breezy Badger</i>）起，与桌面版同步发行，<sup id="cite_ref-server_88-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>可当作多种软件服务器，如<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">电子邮件</span>服务器、基于<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">LAMP</span>的Web网站服务器、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">DNS</span>服务器、文件服务器与<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">数据库</span>服务器等。<sup id="cite_ref-server_88-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>服务器版通常不预装任何桌面环境，与桌面版本相比，占用空间少，运行时对硬件要求较低，最少只需要500MB硬盘空间和64MB内存。<sup id="cite_ref-hwreq_29-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Ubuntu Studio Icon.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Ubuntu_Studio_Icon.png" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="48" height="48"></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu Studio</span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">适合于音频，视频和图像设计的版本。使用Xfce4作为默认的桌面环境。</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Mythbuntu.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Mythbuntu.png" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="48" height="48"></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Mythbuntu" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mythbuntu" style="user-select: text !important;"><span class="ilh-page" style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 175, 137); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">Mythbuntu</span></span></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">一套基于Ubuntu的面向媒体中心电脑的发行版，Mythbuntu=MythTV+Ubuntu，MythTV是其中关键的软件包，用于实现媒体中心等功能。它没有包含一些不必要的程序，如OpenOffice, Evolution和完全安装的Gnome。</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Ubuntu Kylin Icon.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Ubuntu_Kylin_Icon.png/48px-Ubuntu_Kylin_Icon.png" data-file-width="137" data-file-height="138" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="48" height="48"></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Ubuntu Kylin</span>（优麒麟）</td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">为中国用户专门定制的版本，语言的默认设置为简体中文。<font color="Red">（因不确定政治因素可能带来的安全问题，不建议使用）</font><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Ubuntu MATE Icon.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Ubuntu_MATE_Icon.png" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="48" height="48"></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu MATE</span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">针对老旧桌面型、笔记型、树莓派（Raspberry Pi）电脑，及硬件性能等级不高，或喜欢简洁、不用特效桌面环境者，使用<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">MATE</span>桌面环境的Ubuntu发行版。</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Ubuntu Budgie Icon.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Ubuntu_Budgie_Icon.png" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="48" height="48"></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu Budgie</span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">基于<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Budgie桌面环境</span>的发行版。</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Ubuntu and Ubuntu Server Icon.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ubuntu_and_Ubuntu_Server_Icon.png/48px-Ubuntu_and_Ubuntu_Server_Icon.png" data-file-width="137" data-file-height="138" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="48" height="48"></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu for Android</span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">在<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Android</span>手机上运行的Ubuntu。</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Ubuntu and Ubuntu Server Icon.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ubuntu_and_Ubuntu_Server_Icon.png/48px-Ubuntu_and_Ubuntu_Server_Icon.png" data-file-width="137" data-file-height="138" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="48" height="48"></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu Touch</span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">基于Ubuntu和Android的手机/平板操作系统。</td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Ubuntu and Ubuntu Server Icon.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ubuntu_and_Ubuntu_Server_Icon.png/48px-Ubuntu_and_Ubuntu_Server_Icon.png" data-file-width="137" data-file-height="138" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="48" height="48"></span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu TV</span></td><td style="user-select: text !important; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">用于智能电视的版本。</td></tr></tbody></table><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">上述派生计划与Ubuntu紧密相关，并与Ubuntu同步发行。另外，以下版本曾被Ubuntu正式支持，但相关支持已被终止</p><ul style="list-style-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515"); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; user-select: text !important;"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu Netbook Edition</span>：专门为EeePC等小屏幕Netbook设计的Ubuntu，接口尽量精简以省屏幕空间，例如GNOME的Panel减成只剩一条，且与视窗标题合在一起。后来上网本版开始使用称为<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Unity</span>的桌面环境，但是随着<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Unity</span>在11.04中成为默认的桌面环境，上网本版被取消。</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Ubuntu JeOS" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ubuntu JeOS" style="user-select: text !important;"><span class="ilh-page" style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 175, 137); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">Ubuntu JeOS</span></span></span>：一个高度精简的、专门针对虚拟化应用的版本。</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu Mobile</span>：Ubuntu在<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">MID</span>上运行的版本。</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Gobuntu</span>：只使用<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">自由软件</span>的版本。</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu GNOME</span>：在Ubuntu使用Unity时使用<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">GNOME</span>桌面环境的Ubuntu发行版。现已合并至Ubuntu主线。</li></ul><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">另外，<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">马克·舍特尔沃斯</span>承诺将制作<b style="user-select: text !important;">Ubuntu-libre</b>发行版，只使用<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">自由软件基金会</span>认证过的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">自由软件</span>。<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.AD.A3.E5.BC.8F.E8.A1.8D.E7.94.9F.E7.89.88.E6.9C.AC" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="非正式衍生版本" style="user-select: text !important;">非正式派生版本</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><ul style="list-style-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515"); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; user-select: text !important;"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Ubuntu Lite</span>：为旧电脑而设的版本。</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Elbuntu</span>：基于<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Enlightenment 0.17</span>桌面环境并附有<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">窗口管理器</span>的Ubuntu修改版。</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Fluxbuntu</span>：基于<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Fluxbox</span>桌面环境的修改版。</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Gnoppix</span>：基于Ubuntu<span> </span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Live CD</span>而研制的以<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">GNOME</span>为默认桌面环境的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Live CD</span>。</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">PUD GNU/Linux</span>：由台湾爱好者所制作的改良版，以轻量化为目标，可安装在光盘或256 MB以上的U盘上，并使用Ubuntu的包来源。</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">gOS</span>：基于<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Enlightenment</span>桌面环境，集成Google多数的在线服务的版本。（并非由Google官方所开发）</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Linux Mint</span>：基于Ubuntu的Linux发行版，目标是提供一种更完整的即刻可用体验<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Easy Peasy</span>（<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">eeeXUbuntu</span>）：专为<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">华硕</span>的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Eee PC</span>定制。</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">gNewSense</span>：由自由软件基金会官方于2006年11月2日推出，为一基于Ubuntu且只使用自由软件的Linux发行版，但与<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">马克·沙特尔沃思</span>所提到的Ubuntu-libre没有直接关系。</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Elementary OS</span>：Elementary开发团队推出的Ubuntu修改版。</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">UbuntuBSD</span>：将<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">FreeBSD</span>内核移植到Ubuntu的项目。</li></ul><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.88.87.E4.B8.AD.E6.96.87.E7.BF.BB.E8.AD.AF" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="參與中文翻譯" style="user-select: text !important;">参与中文翻译</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">由Ubuntu母公司<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Canonical有限公司</span>所架设的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Launchpad</span>网站提供了在线翻译服务，任何人都可以通过这个网站协助翻译Ubuntu。但是经由此方式对非Ubuntu独有组件的翻译成果将不会自动反馈到上游，故不被推荐。<sup id="cite_ref-LaunchpadFAQ_94-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E5.9B.9E.E5.A0.B1.E9.8C.AF.E8.AA.A4" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="回報錯誤" style="user-select: text !important;">回报错误</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">由Ubuntu母公司<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">Canonical有限公司</span>所架设的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Launchpad</span>网站提供了一套在线回报软件<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">程序错误</span>的机制，任何人都可以把自己所发现的软件<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">程序错误</span>、功能缺陷和安全漏洞通过这套机制回报给开发小组。然而，由于文化习惯上的原因，中文Ubuntu社区上<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">程序错误</span>回馈的积极性显然不够高。</p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E8.A8.BB.E9.87.8B" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="註釋" style="user-select: text !important;">注释</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><div style="user-select: text !important; font-size: 12.7568px;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">1.<span> </span><cite id="fn_Support" style="font-style: inherit; user-select: text !important;"><b style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">^</span></b> </cite>这是免费提供的支持，其包括了安全性更新、引数据损失的重要漏洞修补与额外的翻译。若要其它的技术支持，则需要购买其商业支持服务。值得注意的是LTS版（即长期支持版）所获的支持期更长，详情可参看内文。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">2.<span> </span><cite id="fn_Security" style="font-style: inherit; user-select: text !important;"><b style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">^</span></b> </cite>sudo为substitute user do的简写，即超级用户的工作，在Ubuntu的默认环境里，root（即管理员）账号是停用的，所有与系统相关的工作指令均需在进行时于终端接口输入sudo在指令前方，并输入密码确认，这样做是为了防止因一时失误对系统造成破坏。sudo工具的默认密码是目前账户的密码。</p></div></div></div></div>ss
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