黑暗网站-俗称：暗网！
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: visible; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.8em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;" lang="zh-Hans-CN">黑暗网站<span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important;">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important;">]</span></span></h1><div id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content" style="position: relative; z-index: 0; font-size: 0.938em; line-height: 1.6; user-select: text !important; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); font-family: sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><div id="siteSub" class="noprint" style="user-select: text !important; display: inline;"><br></div><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; display: block; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); width: 1px; height: 1px; margin: -1px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important;" class="mw-jump-link">跳到导航</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; display: block; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); width: 1px; height: 1px; margin: -1px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important;" class="mw-jump-link">跳到搜</span><div id="mw-content-text" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="direction: ltr; user-select: text !important;" lang="zh-Hans-CN"><div class="mw-parser-output" style="user-select: text !important;"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable" style="font-size: small; user-select: text !important; padding-left: 2em; margin-bottom: 0.8em; margin-top: -0.5em;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><img alt="Disambig gray.svg" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; user-select: text !important;" width="25" height="19"></span> 此条目介绍的是<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">黑暗网络</span>中的网站。关于传统的网络搜索引擎无法访问到的站点内容，请见“<b style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">深网</span></b>”。</div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;"><b style="user-select: text !important;">黑暗网站</b>（英语：<span style="user-select: text !important;" lang="en">Dark web</span>）多简称为<b style="user-select: text !important;">暗网</b>，是存在于<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">黑暗网络</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">覆盖网络</span>上的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">万维网</span>内容，只能用特殊<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">软件</span>、特殊<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-disambig">授权</span>、或对<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">电脑</span>做特殊<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-disambig">设置</span>才能<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">访问</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pcadvisor_2-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">暗网是由<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">深网</span>的一小部分所构成的。而深网的网络不能够被<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">正常网络搜索引擎</span>（如<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">谷歌</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">雅虎</span>等）索引，有时“深网”这一术语被错误地用于指代暗网<sup id="cite_ref-dictionary_3-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dark_web_4-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-npr.org_5-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">构成暗网的隐藏服务网络包括<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="F2F" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Friend-to-friend" style="user-select: text !important;"><span class="ilh-page" style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 175, 137); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">F2F</span></span></span>的小型<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">点对点网络</span>以及由公共组织和个人运营的大型流行网络，如<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Tor</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">自由网</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">I2P</span>和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Riffle (匿名網路)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Riffle (anonymity network)" style="user-select: text !important;"><span class="ilh-page" style="user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 175, 137); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">Riffle</span></span></span>。暗网用户基于常规网络<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">未加密</span>的性质将其称为<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">明网</span><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。Tor暗网可以称为<b style="user-select: text !important;">洋葱区域</b>（onionland）<sup id="cite_ref-darknetthing_9-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>，其使用网络<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">顶级域</span>后缀<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">.onion</span>和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">洋葱路由</span>的流量<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">匿名化</span>技术。</p><div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 7px; font-size: 14.2576px; display: table; user-select: text !important;"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="user-select: text !important; direction: ltr; position: absolute; opacity: 0; z-index: -1; display: none;"><div class="toctitle" dir="ltr" style="user-select: text !important; text-align: center; direction: ltr;" lang="zh-Hans-CN"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border: 0px; font-size: 14.2576px; font-weight: bold; user-select: text !important; font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; display: inline;">目录</h2><span class="toctogglespan" style="font-size: 13.4021px; user-select: text !important;"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox" style="cursor: pointer; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); user-select: text !important;"></label></span></div><ul style="list-style-image: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text !important; list-style-type: none; text-align: left;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">术语</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">定义</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">内容</span></span><ul style="list-style-image: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; user-select: text !important; list-style-type: none; text-align: left;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">僵尸网络</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">比特币服务</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">暗网市场</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">黑客组织和服务</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.5</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">欺诈服务</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.6</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">恶作剧和未证实内容</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.7</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">网络钓鱼和诈骗</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.8</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">解谜</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.9</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">非法色情</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.10</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">恐怖主义</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">3.11</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">社交媒体</span></span></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">评论</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">5</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">新闻界</span></span><ul style="list-style-image: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; user-select: text !important; list-style-type: none; text-align: left;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">5.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">杰米·巴特利特</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">5.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">其他媒体</span></span></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">6</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">参见</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">7</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">参考资料</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">8</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">注释</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">9</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">延伸阅读</span></span></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; user-select: text !important;">10</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; user-select: text !important;">外部链接</span></span></li></ul></div><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E6.9C.AF.E8.AF.AD" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="术语" style="user-select: text !important;">术语</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">暗网经常与<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">深网</span>相混淆，后者指的是搜索引擎未索引（不能搜索到）的部分网络。举一个例子，如同YouTube的私人链接、某论坛的登录信息等，这些情况下，即使是有搜索系统也无法搜索以上的资料，故此这是深网。这种混淆至少可以追溯到2009年<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。从那时起，特别是在报道<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">丝绸之路</span>网站时，这两个词经常被混淆<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>，因此有不少人建议应该区分二者<sup id="cite_ref-npr.org_5-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-confusion_13-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E5.AE.9A.E4.B9.89" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="定义" style="user-select: text !important;">定义</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable" style="font-size: small; user-select: text !important; padding-left: 2em; margin-bottom: 0.8em; margin-top: 0.8em;">主条目：<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">黑暗网络</span></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">黑暗网络网站只能通过<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Tor</span>（“洋葱路由”项目）和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">I2P</span>（“隐形网计划”）等网络访问<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。黑暗网络用户广泛使用Tor浏览器和Tor可访问的站点，站点可以通过“.onion”域名识别<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。Tor专注于提供对互联网的匿名访问，而I2P则专注于匿名网站托管<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。分层加密系统使得黑暗网络用户的身份和位置保持匿名，无法被追踪。黑暗网络加密技术通过大量中间服务器发送用户数据，保护了用户身份并保障匿名。传输的信息只能由路径中的后续节点解密，而这些节点通向出口节点。因为系统过于复杂，所以几乎不可能再生节点路径并逐层解密信息<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。由于高层次的加密，网站无法跟踪其用户的地理位置和IP，用户也无法获取网站主机的有关信息。因此，黑暗网络用户之间的通信是高度加密的，允许用户以保密方式交流、发博客以及共享文件。<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">黑暗网络还被用于非法活动，如非法交易、非法论坛以及恋童癖者和恐怖分子的介质交流<sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。与此同时，传统网站为Tor浏览器提供了访问方式，以便与用户创建联系。例如，<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">ProPublica</span>推出了一个Tor用户专用的新版网站<sup id="cite_ref-:23_22-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E5.86.85.E5.AE.B9" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="内容" style="user-select: text !important;">内容</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><table style="font-size: 15.008px; user-select: text !important; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; border-color: rgb(192, 192, 192); background-color: rgb(253, 253, 253); text-align: left; float: right; clear: right; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 1em;" cellpadding="1"><caption style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: bold;">2015年1月基于网络的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">洋葱服务</span><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></caption><tbody style="user-select: text !important;"><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="col" style="user-select: text !important;">分类</th><th scope="col" style="user-select: text !important;">比例</th></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">赌博</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">0.4</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">枪械</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">1.4</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">聊天</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">2.2</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">新类别<br style="user-select: text !important;"><small style="font-size: 0.857em; user-select: text !important;">（尚未编入索引）</small></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">2.2</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">虐待</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">2.2</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">电子书</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">2.5</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">目录</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">2.5</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">博客</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">2.75</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">色情</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">2.75</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">托管</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">3.5</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">黑客</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">4.25</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">搜索</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">4.25</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">匿名</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">4.5</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">论坛</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">4.75</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">赝品</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">5.2</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">吹哨人</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">5.2</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Wiki</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">5.2</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">电子邮件</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">5.7</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">比特币</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">6.2</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">诈骗</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">9</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">市场</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">9</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">毒品</span></th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">15.4</span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table style="font-size: 15.008px; user-select: text !important; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; border-color: rgb(192, 192, 192); background-color: rgb(253, 253, 253); text-align: left; float: right; clear: right; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 1em;" cellpadding="1"><caption style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: bold;">2016年1月基于网络的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">洋葱服务</span><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></caption><tbody style="user-select: text !important;"><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="col" style="user-select: text !important;">分类</th><th scope="col" style="user-select: text !important;">% 总计</th><th scope="col" style="user-select: text !important;">% 活跃</th></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">暴力</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">0.3</span></span></div></td><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">0.6</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">武器</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">0.8</span></span></div></td><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">1.5</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">非法社交</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">1.2</span></span></div></td><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">2.4</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">黑客</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">1.8</span></span></div></td><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">3.5</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">非法链接</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">2.3</span></span></div></td><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">4.3</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">非法色情</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">2.3</span></span></div></td><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">4.5</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">极端主义</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">2.7</span></span></div></td><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">5.1</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">其他非法内容</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">3.8</span></span></div></td><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">7.3</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">非法金融</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">6.3</span></span></div></td><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">12</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">非法药物</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">8.1</span></span></div></td><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">15.5</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">不违法+未知</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">22.6</span></span></div></td><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">43.2</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">非法总计</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">29.7</span></span></div></td><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">56.8</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">不活跃</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">47.7</span></span></div></td></tr><tr style="user-select: text !important;"><th scope="row" style="user-select: text !important; font-weight: normal;">活跃</th><td style="user-select: text !important;"><div style="user-select: text !important; height: 1.25em; width: 15em;"><span style="user-select: text !important; position: absolute; height: 1.25em; width: 15em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; z-index: 10;"><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap; user-select: text !important;">52.3</span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">2014年12月，英国<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">朴茨茅斯大学</span>的加雷斯·欧文（Gareth Owen）研究发现Tor上最常见的托管内容是<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">儿童色情</span>，其次是黑市，而流量最高的网站专门用于<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">僵尸网络</span>运营<sup id="cite_ref-reportthing_26-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。许多<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">吹哨人</span>网站都有在线论坛<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>和政治讨论论坛<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。与<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">比特币</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">诈骗</span>和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">邮购</span>相关服务的网站最丰富<sup id="cite_ref-reportthing_26-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">2017年7月，Tor项目的三位创始人之一罗杰‧丁高戴恩（Roger Dingledine）表示，<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Facebook</span>是Tor用户访问最多的网站，只有3％的Tor用户会访问暗网<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">2016年2月，英国<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">伦敦国王学院</span>研究人员的一项研究通过替代类集给出了以下内容细分，突出显示非法使用的.onion服务<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E5.83.B5.E5.B0.B8.E7.BD.91.E7.BB.9C" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="僵尸网络" style="user-select: text !important;">僵尸网络</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">僵尸网络</span>通常使用基于反审查的隐藏服务的命令和控制服务器构建，隐藏服务创建了大量僵尸流量<sup id="cite_ref-reportthing_26-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E6.AF.94.E7.89.B9.E5.B8.81.E6.9C.8D.E5.8A.A1" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="比特币服务" style="user-select: text !important;">比特币服务</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">诸如<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">不倒翁</span>等<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">比特币</span>服务通常可以在<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Tor</span>上使用，而某些服务（如Grams）则提供暗网市场集成<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。法国<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">高等经济商业学院</span>研究员让-卢普·里歇（Jean-Loup Richet）与<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室</span>联合进行的一项研究表明，使用比特币滚筒进行<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">洗钱</span>成为新趋势。一种常见的方法是使用<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">数字货币兑换</span>服务，将比特币转换为在线游戏货币（如<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">魔兽世界</span>中的金币），然后再转换回金钱<sup id="cite_ref-Jean-Loup_Richet_35-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E6.9A.97.E7.BD.91.E5.B8.82.E5.9C.BA" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="暗网市场" style="user-select: text !important;">暗网市场</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable" style="font-size: small; user-select: text !important; padding-left: 2em; margin-bottom: 0.8em; margin-top: 0.8em;">主条目：<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">暗网市场</span></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">作为<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">非法药物</span>交易<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>和其他商品交易的中间人，商业性的暗网市场吸引了大量媒体报道，从<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">丝路</span>和魔鬼市场（Diabolus Market）<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>的流行以及随后被法律机关的查封<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。其他市场出售<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">软件漏洞</span><sup id="cite_ref-realdeal_40-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>和武器<sup id="cite_ref-ibtimes.co.uk_41-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。学术界尝试检查暗网市场与现实生活中或万维网上商品的价格差异以及对暗网收到的商品开展质量研究。其中一项研究于2013年1月至2015年3月在最活跃的加密市场之一的Evolution进行<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_42-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。虽然研究发现隐匿方法和发货国家等数字信息“似乎准确”，但Evolution出售的非法药物存在质量问题，写道“……非法药物的纯度与其清单上显示的信息不同”<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_42-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。对访问这些市场的消费者的动机以及他们的使用原因则知之甚少<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E9.BB.91.E5.AE.A2.E7.BB.84.E7.BB.87.E5.92.8C.E6.9C.8D.E5.8A.A1" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="黑客组织和服务" style="user-select: text !important;">黑客组织和服务</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">许多<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">黑客</span>在暗网出售服务，他们或独自行动或团体行动<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。这些黑客团体包括xDedic、hackforum、Trojanforge、Mazafaka、dark0de和TheRealDeal暗网市场<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。有些人以<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">追踪</span>和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">勒索</span>恋童癖者而知名<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。针对金融机构和银行的网络犯罪和黑客服务也通过暗网提供<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。各国政府和私营组织已经开始尝试监测这项活动<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。互联网规模的DNS分布式反射拒绝服务（DRDoS）攻击也通过利用暗网实现<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。暗网还存在许多诈骗类.onion站点，用户下载网站提供的工具后，电脑会感染<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">特洛伊木马</span>或被植入<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">后门</span>。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E6.AC.BA.E8.AF.88.E6.9C.8D.E5.8A.A1" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="欺诈服务" style="user-select: text !important;">欺诈服务</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">暗网存在许多信用卡<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">论坛</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">PayPal</span>和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">比特币</span>交易网站以及欺诈和假冒服务<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。许多此类网站本身就是骗局<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E6.81.B6.E4.BD.9C.E5.89.A7.E5.92.8C.E6.9C.AA.E8.AF.81.E5.AE.9E.E5.86.85.E5.AE.B9" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="恶作剧和未证实内容" style="user-select: text !important;">恶作剧和未证实内容</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable" style="font-size: small; user-select: text !important; padding-left: 2em; margin-bottom: 0.8em; margin-top: 0.8em;">主条目：<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">恶作剧</span></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">有报道称暗网存在<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">众筹暗杀</span>、雇佣<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">杀手</span><sup id="cite_ref-ibtimes.co.uk_41-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>、暗杀市集<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>，及暗杀服务<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。。然而，这些业务被认为是诈骗<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">丝绸之路</span>的创始人<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">罗斯·乌布利希</span>（Ross Ulbricht）因他的违法网站遭国土安全调查部门（HSI）逮捕，据称他雇用一名杀手杀死了六个人，但这些指控后来被撤销<sup id="cite_ref-nhong052915_57-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">有一个<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">都市传说</span>称人们可以在暗网上找到<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">谋杀直播</span>。“红屋子”<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>（Red Room）这个词根据日本动画和同名的都市传说创造而来。然而，证据表明所有相关的报告都只是<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">恶作剧</span><sup id="cite_ref-redroom_60-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">2015年6月25日，<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">YouTube</span>频道“Obscure Horror Corner”评测了<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">独立游戏</span>《<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">悲伤的撒旦</span>》，作者声称通过暗网找到了游戏。频道说法的各种不一致之处也让人对其真实性产生怀疑<sup id="cite_ref-dot_62-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。一些网站负责分析和监控深网和暗网的威胁情报，如Sixgill<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E7.BD.91.E7.BB.9C.E9.92.93.E9.B1.BC.E5.92.8C.E8.AF.88.E9.AA.97" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="网络钓鱼和诈骗" style="user-select: text !important;">网络钓鱼和诈骗</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">以<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">网络钓鱼</span>为目的的克隆网站和其他<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-disambig">诈骗</span>网站有很多<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>，而暗网市场经常用欺诈性网址做广告<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E8.A7.A3.E8.B0.9C" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="解谜" style="user-select: text !important;">解谜</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">诸如<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">蝉3301</span>之类的谜题有时会使用隐藏服务，以便匿名提供线索，这通常会增加对创作者身份的猜测<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.B3.95.E8.89.B2.E6.83.85" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="非法色情" style="user-select: text !important;">非法色情</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">执法部门定期对<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">儿童色情</span>网站采取行动<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>，通常通过向用户分发<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">恶意软件</span>来破坏网站<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。这些网站使用复杂的指导、论坛和社区监管系统<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。其他内容有<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">性虐待和杀害动物</span><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>以及<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">复仇式色情</span><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">在暗网中，No Limits Fun的事件最为知名，因Peter Gerard Scully，拍了数部儿童色情视频，并于暗网贩售，其中又以Daisy Destruction最为轰动，让美国联邦调查局，不得不跨海联手菲律宾警方逮捕他及整个集团。<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E6.81.90.E6.80.96.E4.B8.BB.E4.B9.89" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="恐怖主义" style="user-select: text !important;">恐怖主义</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">有一些真实和欺诈网站声称由<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">伊斯兰国</span>使用，包括在<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">去匿名化行动</span>（Operation Onymous）中查获的假网站<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。在<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">2015年11月巴黎袭击事件</span>后，一个此类型的真实网站遭<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">匿名者</span>的附属黑客组织GhostSec攻击，网站被替换成了<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">氟西汀</span>的广告<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。Rawti Shax伊斯兰组织一度被发现在暗网上运作<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E7.A4.BE.E4.BA.A4.E5.AA.92.E4.BD.93" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="社交媒体" style="user-select: text !important;">社交媒体</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">暗网存在类似万维网上的新兴社交媒体平台。<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Facebook</span>和其他传统社交媒体平台已开始制作其网站的暗网版本，以解决与传统平台相关的问题，并继续在万维网的所有区域提供服务。<sup id="cite_ref-:23_22-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E8.AF.84.E8.AE.BA" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="评论" style="user-select: text !important;">评论</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">虽然大部分暗网内容都是无害的，但一些检察官和政府机构担心暗网成为犯罪活动的避风港<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。DeepDotWeb<sup id="cite_ref-yahoo_81-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>和All Things Vice<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>等专业暗网新闻网站建议提供有关暗网站点和服务的新闻报道和实用信息。<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">The Hidden Wiki</span>及其<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">镜像</span>和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">复刻</span>在任何时间都拥有最大的内容目录。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">暗网<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">.onion</span>链接的热门来源包括<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">Pastebin</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">YouTube</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Twitter</span>、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">Reddit</span>和其他<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">网络论坛</span><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。Darksum和Recorded Future等专业技术公司可以追踪暗网<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">犯罪</span>活动，用于执法目的<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。2015年，<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">国际刑警组织</span>宣布提供专门的暗网培训计划，其中包括有关Tor、<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">网络安全</span>和模拟暗网市场的技术信息<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">2013年10月，英国<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="new">国家打击犯罪局</span>（National Crime Agency）和<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">政府通信总部</span>宣布成立联合行动小组（Joint Operations Cell），专注于网络犯罪<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。2015年11月，据报道团队的任务是处理暗网上的儿童剥削以及其他网络犯罪<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">2017年3月，<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">国会研究处</span>发布了关于暗网的广泛报告，关注信息访问和信息呈现的动态变化。因其“未知”的特征，研究人员、执法者和政策制定者对此越来越感兴趣<sup id="cite_ref-Congression_Research_Service_Report_89-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">2017年8月，据报道，一些专门监控和研究暗网的网络安全公司，他们代表银行和零售商，经常“在可能和必要时”与<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">联邦调查局</span>和其他执法机构分享他们有关非法内容的调查结果<sup id="cite_ref-Dark_Web_Mainstream_Media_Coverage_90-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; user-select: text !important; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;"><span id=".E6.96.B0.E9.97.BB.E7.95.8C" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="新闻界" style="user-select: text !important;">新闻界</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">许多<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">新闻工作者</span>、另类<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">新闻机构</span>、教育工作者和研究人员在写作和谈论暗网方面具有影响力，使得暗网得以让公众一探究竟。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E6.9D.B0.E7.B1.B3.C2.B7.E5.B7.B4.E7.89.B9.E5.88.A9.E7.89.B9" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="杰米·巴特利特" style="user-select: text !important;">杰米·巴特利特</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">杰米·巴特利特（Jamie Bartlett）是《<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">每日电讯报</span>》的记者和技术<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">博主</span>，与<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">萨塞克斯大学</span>合作的Demos社区媒体分析中心主任。在他的书《暗网》（<i style="user-select: text !important;">The Dark Net</i>）中<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>，巴特利特描绘了暗网的世界及其在不同背景下对人类行为的影响。例如，本书开头讲述了一个年轻女孩的故事，她通过在网上发裸照来寻求正面反馈，以创建自尊。她最终被社交媒体网站所追踪，她的朋友和家人被她的裸照所淹没。这个故事突出了暗网所允许的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;" class="mw-redirect">人际关系</span>的多样性，但也提醒读者如何参与像暗网这样罕见地与大型网络完全分离的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">覆盖网络</span>。巴特利特的主要目标是探索暗网及其对社会的影响。他探索了不同的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">亚文化</span>，其中一些对社会有积极意义，有些则对社会有负面影响。<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">2015年6月，巴特利特在<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">TED大会</span>上发表题为“神秘的黑暗网络如何变成主流”的演讲，向观众介绍了暗网背后的想法<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; user-select: text !important; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;"><span id=".E5.85.B6.E4.BB.96.E5.AA.92.E4.BD.93" style="user-select: text !important;"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="其他媒体" style="user-select: text !important;">其他媒体</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: text !important; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;">编辑</span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="user-select: text !important; margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; user-select: text !important;">像<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">ABC新闻</span>这样的传统媒体和新闻频道也刊登了调查暗网的文章<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。《<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">名利场</span>》杂志于2016年10月发表了题为《其他互联网》（The Other Internet）的文章。文章讨论了暗网的兴起，并提到在不法的数字荒野中赌注变得越来越高。作者还提到漏洞是网络防御的弱点。其他讨论的主题包括传统黑市的<span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important;">电子商务</span>版本、TheRealDeal的网络武器以及运营安全的作用<sup id="cite_ref-The_Other_Internet_95-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; user-select: text !important; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none; user-select: text !important; white-space: nowrap;"></span></sup>。</p></div></div></div><p></p>
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